Agriculture contributes to the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity, but it is also one of the main drivers of serious biodiversity loss we face today. Indeed, land clearing, monoculture and the use of synthetic products in the fields are the main causes. Farmers and agricultural producers are custodians of agricultural biodiversity and need to have the knowledge to manage and maintain it, hence the importance of synecoculture. Synecoculture is based on the augmentation of biodiversity, therefore the intensive introduction of plants by humans. It is a method of field cultivation based on the association of plants in function of their symbiotic interactions with soil, environment and other plants. This makes it possible to produce useful plants in a state of ecological optimum by making the best use of the characteristics of each plant by building and controlling the ecosystem. Synecoculture is done without plowing, without weeding, without fertilizers or pesticides. Synecological agriculture has been developed in Japan and is being introduced in Burkina Faso. It is in this dynamic that the African Center for Research and Training in Synecoculture (CARFS) was born of the joint initiative between AFIDRA and Sony Computer Sciences Laboratories, Inc., following the first African Forum on Synecoculture held on 19 to 21 October 2016 in Fada N'Gourma. Supported by the Goverment of Burkina Faso, Sony Computer Sciences Laboratories, Inc. of Japan and UniTwin UNESCO Complex Systems Digital Campus (CS-DC), CARFS is an international institution with new high-level training initiatives. Thanks to the technical and financial support of Sony Computer Sciences Laboratories, Inc. and CS-DC, AFIDRA through CARFS organized the 2nd African Forum on Syneculture from 24 to 26 May 2017 in Fada N'Gourma under the theme "Synecoculture: Achieving an agriculture that increases biodiversity". This underscores the importance of sustainable agriculture, not only to preserve biodiversity, but also to feed the world and realize sustainable agricultural livelihoods. The forum was held under the patronage of Mr. Jacob OUEDRAOGO, Minister of Agriculture and Hydraulic Development (MAAH) of Burkina Faso, and brought together experts from agroecology and rural development from several African countries to tackle the problematics and recognize the importance of the reconstruction of biodiversity in the semi-arid tropics. During three days, the experts of the synecoculture, Dr André TINDANO and Dr Masatoshi FUNABASHI and the ethnobotanist Prof. Patrice ZERBO, enriched the discussion with participants on the themes of the successful start-up strategy of a syecoculture farm, syneroculture in the world, and the enhancement of phyto-genetic resources in Africa. This forum was attended by 52 researchers, students and agricultural practitioners from 7 countries in sub-Saharan Africa. New research agreement around syecoculture and subscription to CARFS training courses were formed through the communication during the forum.